In our first ICTR webinar, Kert Viele will review the value of the main components of a gold standard randomized clinical trial and review a variety of innovative trial techniques in comparison to the gold standard. For each innovative technique, he will discuss the potential advantage and disadvantages of the method in comparison to a standard clinical trial, illustrating the tradeoffs to be considered when adopting innovative clinical trials. Innovative trial designs to be discussed include flexible sample sizes, enrichment, the utilization of historical information, multiple arm and multiple domain trials, and novel endpoints.